Pianos have 88 keys. Most harpsichords only have 61 keys, though some have as few as 56 keys. [3] X Research source Pianos can play higher and lower notes than harpsichords. This is because pianos have a range of 7¼ octaves (from A0 - C8), while a harpsichord’s range is at most 5 octaves (from F1 - F6). [4] X Research source
In the 19th century, harpsichords became less popular as pianos went mainstream. Many musicians came to prefer the piano since it allowed them to play loudly or softly, while the harpsichord could only be played at one volume.
Since their strings are plucked, harpsichords are classified as stringed instruments. Some harpsichords have two keyboards—that is, two sets of keys, one on top of the other. The second set of keys could be moved left or right to quickly change the key of the music being played. [8] X Research source Some harpsichords have “backward” coloring on their keys compared to a piano’s: the large keys are black, while the small keys are white. The coloring of the keys doesn’t change their sound or the notes they correspond to. [9] X Research source
The first pianos were built in Italy in the early 18th century, with modern-style pianos fitted with iron frames emerging by the early 19th century. Their design has changed very little since then.
Since their strings are struck, pianos are classified as percussion instruments. Modern pianos have hammers wrapped in wool or felt. In previous centuries, the hammers were wrapped in leather. The wrapping produces a tone that’s powerful but not harsh. [12] X Research source
